Vim
Here's a little cheat sheet of commands that I for whatever reason considered worthy of typing down. Either because I found them useful, neat, or I forgot them one too many times and got tired of googling them.
Navigating
" Up, down, left, righ
k, j, h, l
" Right by word, left by word, end of word
w, b, e
" Begining of line, end of ling
^, $
" Top of screen, middle of screen, bottom of the screen
H, M, L
" Page down, page up
<C+d>, <C+u>
" Begining of sentece, end of sentence
(, )
" Begining of text block, end of text block
{, }
" To occurence of character to the right, places cursor ON the character
f{char}
" To occurence of character to the left, places cursor ON the character
F{char}
" Till occurence of character to the right, places cursor before the character
t{char}
" Till occurence of character to the right to the left, places cursor before the character
T{char}
" Repeat latest f, F, t, T
;
" Repeat latest f, F, t, T in opposite directioin
,
" Go to line
[line]G
" Go to last line in range, doesn't modify the jumplist
:[range]
" Go to {count} percentage in the file
{count}%
Inserting
" Append right of the cursor, append at the end of line
a, A
" Insert left of the cursor, insert at the start of the line
i, I
" Open line under, open line above
o, O
Changing text
" Change word
cw
" Change line
cc
" Substitute text
s
" Replace character
r
Deleting
" Delete one character
x
" Delete something
d[motion]
" Delete line
dd
" Delete to the end of line
D
" Delete to the start of line
d0
" Delete text between quotes
di"
" Delete text between quotes and the quotes too
da"
" Delete paragraph
dip
Undo and redo
To undo your latest action, press u, to redo it, press <C+R>. There's not much more to the basic usage except except U to undo all changes on the current line.
As with anything else in vim, there's of course more powerful version, in this case called Undo branches. You can basically undo something, make some changes, but still retain the undo history.
Copying and Moving Text
Done using yank (copy), delete, and put commands.
" yank whole line
yy, Y
" put below, put above
p, P
Moving lines by default can be done by deleting and pasting. Optionally, you can use Unimpaired.
Commenting
" Comment out something
[count]<leader>cn
" Toggle comment (based on first line)
[count]<leader>c<space>
https://github.com/preservim/nerdcommenter
Search and replace
Done by :substitute command, also :s.
" Search and replace on current line
:s/from/to/g
" Search and replace on all lines
:%s/from/to/g
" Ask for confirmation
:s/from/to/gc
Folding
" Fold (hide) selected area
zf
" Open (unfold) selected area
zo
Global
:global or :g executes anything on any line of the buffer.
" List all lines with TODO
:g/TODO:/
Split panes
Create a vertical split using :vsp and horizontal with :sp. You can specify the width (and height) by prefixing the command with a number of lines, e.g. :50vsp. To make the opening of new split panes feel more natural you can set
set splitbelow
set splitright
which will open the panes by default to the right or bottom.
Navigate between split panes
By default you navigate between panes by split_number C-w C-w. This might get slower with more panes so I found this recommendation on stack overflow:
" Use ctrl-[hjkl] to select the active split!
nmap <silent> <c-k> :wincmd k<CR>
nmap <silent> <c-j> :wincmd j<CR>
nmap <silent> <c-h> :wincmd h<CR>
nmap <silent> <c-l> :wincmd l<CR>
Split panes manipulation
Resizing
"Max out the height of the current split
ctrl + w _
"Max out the width of the current split
ctrl + w |
"Normalize all split sizes, which is very handy when resizing terminal
ctrl + w =
Other manipulation
"Swap top/bottom or left/right split
Ctrl+W R
"Break out current window into a new tabview
Ctrl+W T
"Close every window in the current tabview but the current one
Ctrl+W o
And as with anything else, you can always :help split.
Tabs
:tabedit filename to open file filename in a new tab. Navigate between tabs using gt and gT, this also supports tab indexes so for example 3gT takes you to the third opened tab. You can also use :tabfirst and :tablast to navigate to first and last tab respectively. Then there's :tabn for next tab and :tabp for previous tab. If you want to list all open tabs you can use :tabs. To close current tab use :tabclose and to keep only the current tab and close the rest there's :tabonly.
Indentation
" Indent left
<
" Indent right
>
" Autoindent
=
" Autoindent next line based on the current one
:set autoindent
" Smart indentation based on the file, if you have this on, autoindent should be on as well
:set smartindent
" Number of whitespaces to represent indentation
:set shiftwidth=2
Spellchecking
Turn on spell checking :set spell spelllang=en_us. To turn on spell check only for local buffer use :setlocal spell spelllang=en_us. To turn off spelling use :set nospell.
This alone wouldn't be of much help obviously, but Vim provides means to fix misspelled words, a way to tell that certain words are correct and shouldn't be highlighted, and as always an easy way to navigate between misspelled words.
To move to misspelled word use [s and s]. This is action like any other so you can prefix it with number, etc. To display fix suggestions use z=. If you want certain word to be marked as correct use zg and to mark a word as wrong use zw.
Letter case manipulation
" swap case
g~
" UPPER case
gU
" lower case
gu